Invitro fertilization treatment in India is available at various Indian hospitals / Infertility Centers that have state-of-the-art infrastructure. Hospitals that provide invitro fertilization treatment in India have facilities and services customized for the comfort and convenience of the patient. Invitro fertilization treatment in India is performed by highly educated doctors. Top-notch services with a figure on the price tag that is a fraction of what would be in developed countries. The world-class hospital facilities, pre and post-operative care for invitro fertilization in India makes the patient’s medical treatment and recovery a positive experience.
Invitro fertilization is a process by which egg cells are fertilized by sperm outside the womb, in vitro. Invitro fertilization is a major treatment in infertility when other methods of assisted reproductive technology have failed. The process involves hormonally controlling the ovulatory process, removing ova or eggs from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilize them in a fluid medium. The fertilized egg is then transferred to the patient's uterus with the intent to establish a successful pregnancy.
Procedure – Before Invitro fertilization procedure begins the woman is stimulated with injected medications to develop multiple follicles in the ovaries. Each follicle contains a microscopic egg. These injections continue to stimulate follicle and egg growth and development. Blood and ultrasound testing is done every 3 days to monitor the development of the follicles in the ovaries. For the Invitro fertilization the gynecologists needs to get a minimum number of 3 follicles to develop to maturity in order to be able to proceed with the egg retrieval. If three mature follicles cannot be obtained from the stimulation process the gynecologist will not proceed to egg retrieval.
When a sufficient number of the woman's follicles are mature, a transvaginal ultrasound guided egg retrieval procedure is performed to remove the eggs from the follicles. Powerful anesthesia medications are used so that the woman is unconscious during this procedure and does not feel or remember anything.
The egg aspiration procedure in progress an egg is aspirated from a follicle. The needle is passed through the top of the vagina to get to the follicles and eggs. The eggs are then fertilized in the laboratory with the male partner's sperm. If the sperm or the eggs are of poor quality, the intra cytoplasmic sperm injection procedure might be used to aid in fertilization. The embryos are cultured in the Invitro fertilization laboratory for 2-6 days. The embryo transfer procedure involves placing the embryos in the woman's uterus where they will hopefully implant and develop to result in a live birth. The gynecologist uses a moderately full bladder for embryo transfer. This helps in 2 important ways. It allows good ultrasound visualization of the catheter which helps with smooth and proper transfer of the embryos to the best location, and it also unfolds the uterus to a more accommodating angle, making the process easier and less traumatic for both the endometrial lining and the embryos.
The embryo transfer catheter is loaded with the embryos and the physician passes it through the cervical opening up to the middle of the uterine cavity. Abdominal ultrasound is used simultaneously to watch the catheter tip advance to the proper location. It is very important to control the proper placement of the embryos in the Invitro fertilization. When the catheter tip reaches the ideal location, the embryos are transferred to the lining of the uterine cavity by the infertility specialist physician. After the embryos are transferred, the catheter is slowly withdrawn and checked under a microscope for any retained embryos. If any embryo is retained in the catheter the transfer procedure is repeated immediately and the catheter is checked again for a retained embryo.
Proper location for placement of the embryos - The middle of the endometrial cavity - half way from the internal of the cervix to the uterine fundus is the best place for Invitro fertilization. Care should be taken to keep the catheter between the top and bottom layers of the endometrium and not to allow it to dissect under the endometrial surface. This is called subendometrial embryo transfer. Pregnancies will occur with subendometrial placement of the embryos, but success rates are lower.
If there are leftover embryos beyond the number that is transferred, they are frozen for use in a future cycle. Embryo cryopreservation can be used for another attempt at having a baby if the ongoing Invitro fertilization cycle fails or as an attempt to have another child if the fresh cycle is successful.
Risks associated with Invitro fertilization –Of late most of the Indian hospitals have eminent infertility doctors / surgeons / physicians / consultants for the invitro fertilization. It is because of these consultants that the Indian hospitals have been able to deliver a high rate of success in the field of fertilization. It’s also the reputation of these infertility doctors / surgeons that has made India a popular destination for invitro fertilization treatment.
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